Loom for weaving pattern fabrics.



L r T m w. M s. n,lo m n CU T M, ,N m 0 vD E s m ml C m .l T m R T..M O l m w G 6mm MPM K L Emu HIN WVM T E MWH PRH -A HP. ,M 0 0 L am nnw L 1 m A71 M l o 0 N N v PATENTED OCT. 13, 1903. H. PANITSOHBK & J. AHORN. LOOM POR WEAVING PATTERN FABRICS.

APPLICATION PILEDAUG. 19. 1899.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2'.

N0 MODEL.

w 1 wm www@ ms paens co. wusmmwo wAs No. 741,366.' A PATBNTED 00T. 13,1903. H. PANITSGHBK & J. AHORN. LOOM FOR WEAVING PATTERN FABRICS.

Y APPLICATION FILED AUG. 19. 12.199.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 3- ND MODEL.

.WRR

No. 741,366. PATENTED 00T. 13, 1903.

. H. PANITSGHBK a; J. 111101111. 100M F011 WEAVING PATTERN FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 19. 1899.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

N0 MGDEL.

TH: Nonms PETERS co. PHoraLn'No. wAsmNToN. o. c.

No. 741,366. PATBNTED 00T. 13, 1903.

H. PANITSCHEK & J. AHORN.'

LOUM FOR WEAVING PATTERN FABRICS, ,APPLIOATION FILED AUG. i9. 1899.

jyee. @gef @-9.24

N0 MODEL.

PATENTBD OGT. 173, 1903. H. PANITSCHBK &' J. AHORN. LOM POR WEAVING PATTERN FABRICS.

APPLIATION FILED AUG. 19. 1899.

No MODEL.

THE Nonms PETERS co, How-urna., wAsHmGToN. o. c.

PATENTED OCT. 1s, 190s. H. PANITSGHLK @L J. Tamm.l LooM TOR WEAVm-G PATTERN FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 19. 189s.

"1 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

No MODEL.

Figli UNITED STATES Patented October 13, 1903.

PAT-ENT Trice.

LOOM FOR WEAVING PATTERN FABRICS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 741,366, dated October 13, 1903. ilpplication filed August 19, 1899. Serial Noy 727.819. (No modell To all whom, it nutty con/cern:

Beit known that weJ-IEINRIOH PANITSCHEK and JOHANN AHORN, subjects of the Emperor of Austria-l-Iungary, residing at Sarajevo, in the Province of Bosnia, in the Empire of Austria-I'Iungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Looms for Veaving Iattern Fabrics for Use in Manufacturing Pile Carpets; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters and figures 0f reference marked thereon, which form part of this specification.

An essential difference between the coarse and long-piled Smyrna carpets and the ine and short-piled Persian carpets consists in the winding of the knots. In the case of the so-called Smyrna knot the pattern-threads are wound around the warp in the direction of the weft in such a manner that the ends of the knotting-piece pass through to the surface between the pair of knot-threads-. e., the warp threads to which the pattern-threads are attached-as is shown in Figure Aof the accompanying drawings. The pile is therefore distributed ununiformly, because the pile or tufts formed by the ends of the pattern-thread pass to the surface between the two warp-threads of one and the same pair, but no pile passes to the surface between the adjacent warp-threads of the two pairs. If a carpet with such Smyrna knots were cutvery short, ribs with interspaces would be produced, because the pile can not cover the interspaces arising between the several knots.

. It is otherwise in the case of the knot of fine made incolors and drawn on ordinaryline or network-paper, is first of all cut in the warp direction into strips, of which each contains in the weft direction a number (for example, eight) of knotting-points. rlhe several strips are numbered in succession and are used in this succession for the preparation of the pattern fabric. The irst row of knot-points of the first strip is then read ofl from the diagram-strip in its color order from left to right, and the weft-threads colored in accordance with these (eight) knots are picked in. The second row of the same strip is read off from right to left, the third row again from left to right, and so on, and the colored weft-threads correspondingly7 picked in until the entire strip and the entire diagram are worked through. The pattern fabric thus obtained is cut up in the direction of the warp into bands, of which each band in its cross-section contains pat-tern thread pieces separated from one another by small interspaces and of such a length as is necessary for the production of the Persian knot. The patternthread pieces must therefore be held at distances apart such that during the production of the knots they can never be drawn out of the bands otherwise than individually. The binding of the pattern fabric must therefore be such that it does not allow of the striking up of the weft that has been inserted, but nevertheless hold the knotting-thread pieces sufficiently firmly when the pattern fabric is cut up into bands.

The invention relates to a method for producing such a pattern fabric and to the powerloom serving for carrying out the said method. This method consists in that the weft-threads forming the knotting-threads are inserted one after another in the order corresponding to the rows of the diagram-strip in a warp whose doubly-twisted threads are for each pick untwisted to the extent of a definite number of revolutions on the warp-beam side, but on the fabric side they are additionally twisted to the extent of the same number of revolutions, so that the weft-threads that have been inserted and cut off to the correct length are twisted up into the warp and are separated from one another by small interspaceswhereupon the pattern fabric thus produced is cut ICL ` thispurpose an arrangement is provided which is furnished with a number of colored keys which correspond to the colors tovbe inserted and which do not directly effect the change of colors, but first of all prepare the several cards of a card-chain in such a manner that the change of colors corresponding to the card pressed in for the time being can be effected 'by the striking of a cylinder belonging to the cardch ain. The weaver is therefore not compelled to effect the change exactly in accordance with the number of revolutions of the loom. If he were, he would not always succeed in the case of quick changes of colors, and, on the other hand, could not, in the case of larger plain surfaces, work quicker than allowed by the number of therevolutions of the loom, besides his entire attention would have to be devoted to the changing of the colors and he could not attend to the loom also. The colored weft-thread to be inserted is engaged by a pair of tongs' provided in the shuttle, drawn by the said pair of tongs through the shed and finally transferred by it to a pair of receiving-tongs arranged at the end of the batten way, while the shuttle, which runs empty into the shuttle-box, operates a cuttingoff device which cuts off the weft-thread,which is held fast in two places, to the correct length and near to where the change is effected,

whereupon the shuttle-boxes are lowered and the shuttle is driven back empty through a second hatten-way located outside the shed in order then to be raised again into the plane of the first batten-way. The finished pattern fabric is finally, before being Woundupon the fabric-beam, cut up into bands by means of shears operated at intervals of time.

In the accompanying drawings there is represented a loom arranged in accordance with the invention for the production of the pattern fabric.

Fig. 1 is a front elevation, and Figs. 2 and 3, respectively, a left-hand and a right-hand end elevation of the loom. Figs. 4 and 5 show the hatten-way in elevation and in horizontal section, respectively, the shuttle being in the outgoingposition. Figs. 6 and 7 likewise show the hatten-way in elevation and in horizontal section, the shuttle being at the left-hand end of the hatten-way. Figs. 8 and 9 show in elevation and plan, respectively, the clamps and cuttingoff device for the pattern weftthread arranged at the right-hand end of the hatten-way. Fig. 10 shows a cross-section through the shuttle. Figs. l1 and l2 show in elevation and plan, respectively, the arrangement serving Vfor rotating (twisting) the warp-threads. Figs. 13 and 14 show in front elevation and side elevation, respectively, the lifters that effect the change of color. Figs. 15 and 16 show the key device for effecting the change of color in two positions, also the card-chain located thereunder. Figs. 17 and 18 show in two working positions the arrangement that effects the further rotation of the card-cylinder after each liberation of a depressed key.l Fig. 19 shows a horizontal transverse section through the arrangement represented in Fig. 17. Figs. 2O and 21 show l the color-.changing device proper in elevation and plan, respectively, the front part being represented in section. Figs. 22, 23, and 24 show the weft-detector in three different working positions. Figs. 25 and 2G show the feeling-lever device arranged in the battenway for actuating the shearing device serving for cutting off the pattern-threads that have been picked in. Figs. 27 and 2S show the shearing device serving for cutting up the finished pattern fabric and the device for operating the same. Fig. 29 shows the iinished pattern fabric partly not cut up and partly already divided into bands. Fig. 30 shows the diagram of a Persian carpet. Fig. 3l is a side view of a twisting-wheel and of the driver or drum 3. Fig. 32 is a vertical central section, and Fig. 33 isahorizontal central section, of a twisting-wheel.

As shown in Figs. 2 and l2, each two Warpthreads 1 1, that belong together, are, before they pass through the shafis, each passed through a twisting-wheel 2, mounted in a fixed arm b, like those employed in handlooms. Each twisting-wheel 2 is provided 'with two diametrically opposite smooth apertures a, that are preferably provided with antifrictionthimbles a2. Each wheel is held in a depressed portion d of the arm b, said depressed portion being made somewhat larger than the wheel 2. The toothed portion of the wheel 2 is narrower than the body to form two smaller solid hearings c c-one on each side of the wheel-one of which fits into and has bearing in a circularopening in the enlarged end of the support b and the opposite one in circular locking-plate b, that serves to lock the wheel in its arm. The lower portion of both arm b and plate b' has a circular eut-away portion e to expose the lowermost teeth of the wheel,

so that they can engage the driver or drum 3. All the twisting-wheels engage in a common toothed driver 3, which is arranged under them and on whose shaft is located a toothed wheel 4, which engages with a larger toothed wheel 5. 5 there is loosely located a smallertoothed wheel 6, in which engages a toothed segment 8, which can be swung about the pin 7 and which is oscillated from the main shaft 12 by means of the link 9, the lever 10, and the cam 11. On the hub of the small toothed wheel 6 there is a nose 13, which when the segment swings upward takes with it a spring-pawl 14, fastened on the larger toothed wheel 5, and in consequence of this effects the rota- TIO On the shaft of the toothed wheel ninety degrees, as shown in Fig. 21.

and the left hand in these guides.

tion of the toothed wheel 5, the driver 3, and the twisting-wheels, while during the downward movement of the segment only the wheel 6 is rotated, all the other driving parts remaining at rest. The twisting-wheels consequently rotate always in the same direction, and by suitably choosing the transmission it is brought about that the twisting-wheels make three revolutions during each revolution of the main shaft 12. The warp-threads 1 pass from the twisting-wheels directly to the heddleshafts 15 and 1G, of which the rearward one, 15, is mechanically raised and falls in consequence of its own weight, while the front one, 16, is, on the contrary, mechanically lowered and is raised by springs 17. Before raising or lowering, the shafts receive a slight lateral horizontal movement, the

raised shaft receiving one toward the righthand and the lowered shaft one toward the left hand.` The lateral shifting and also the raising and lowering of the two heddle-shafts are eifected from the main shaft 12 by means of the cams 1S, the levers 19, two for each heddle-shaft, and the rods 20, one connected to each lever 19, and each of which engages the small angular levers 2l, which are pivoted to the bars 22 and bear against the corresponding shafts with their upwardly-directed arms. rlhe two shafts 15 and 10 have so much play in their guides 23 that they can be shifted somewhat toward the right hand The two bars 22 can, however, be only raised and lowered in the guides 23 and cannot be shifted laterally. XVhen the rods 20 are raised or lowered by the cams 1S, first of all the small angular levers 2l are turned, and in consequence of this the shafts are moved laterally in their guides. When the shafts strike against the vertical limiting-surfaces of the guides, the angular levers 21 cannot rotate further and the rods 20 now effect the raising or lowering of the already laterally-moved shafts. The insertion of the weft is always effected from the right toward the left.

The apparatus for chan gin g the colors and the devices appertaining thereto are therefore arranged on the right-hand side of the loom.

The color-changing apparatus proper comprises a segment 25, which Acan be swung about the shaft 24 and which has inserted in it, so as to be movable, a number (corresponding to the number of the colored threads to be employed) of centrally-perforated cylinders 26, which are pressed outward by springs. In the present case fifteen of such cylinders are provided, of which each is furnished at its outer end with a threadguide 27, which is wedge-shaped in cross-section and whose bore opens out laterally, so as to form an angle of The different-colored warp-threads 2S, which are wound upon large bobbins 29, are guided through a perforation or perforations 24 in the shaft 24 and drawn into the cylinders 26 and the thread-guides 27 so far that the ends of the warp-threads pass out of the threadguides to the extent of about two centimeters. The batten 250 is provided in its rear wall, near to the first warp-thread and opposite to the segment 25, with a slot 3l, Figs. l and 20, into which one of the thread-guides 27 can enter when the batten is in its rearward position, while the other adjacent thread-guides are pressed back by the solid part of the batten, as shown in Fig. 20. The thread-guide that enters the slot 3l projects so far into the batten-way 32, Figs. @t and 5, that the projecting piece' of thread is engaged by a speciallyarranged shuttle, which is subsequently described, and can be drawn through the open shed, as much yarn as is necessary for the breadth of the pattern fabric being unwound from the corresponding bobbin 29. Since only that thread which issues from the threadguide passing into the batten-way at the inoment has entered into the fabric, the position of the segment determines the order in which the colored threads are picked in. In the present case there are provided fifteen differently-colored threads7 wherefore the segment can assume fifteen different positions. For producing these positions the following device is provided: On the pivotal shaft 2iE of the segment 25 there are keyed two arms 33, whose ends are connected by a rod on which fifteen lifters 3l of different effective lengths are suspended by means of their eyes, so as to be capable of being swung. Each of the lifters is provided with a dovetail projection 35, which determines the effective length of the lifter and on which the two blades 3G and 37 can act when the corresponding lifter isl brought within their range. The blades are capable of being moved in guides 3S and are operated from the main shaft l2 by means of the crank 39, the connecting-rods 10, and the bent levers 41 in such a manner that the blades simultaneously approach and move apart, so that one blade rises when the other falls, and vice versa. In Fig. 113 the inner extreme position of the blades is indicated by full lines and the outer extreme position by broken lines. The segment is in a middle position, Fig. If `the segment is to be brought from one position into another, so as to insert into the batten-way a thread-guide whose lifter (projection 35) is in a raised position in consequence of the previous position of the segment, then after this lifter has been brought into the range of the blades the upper blade 36 is brought into action and engages the upper surface of the projection 35 of this lifter and lowers it until the inner extreme position of the blades is attained,in consequence of which the corresponding threadguide comes to stand, as desired, in front of the slot 3l of the batten 30. lf, however, the

segment is to be raised from one position into another-that is to say, a lower thread-guide is to be brought opposite to the slot l-then, after the corresponding lifter has been oper ICO IIO

ated the lower blade comes in operation, since the projection of the said lifter is lowered in consequence of the previous position of the segment, and consequently is lower than corresponds to the inner extreme position of the blade.

The Weight s of the segment 25, the arms 33, and the lifters 34 are counterbalanced by the spring 42, and on the segment there is provided a projection 43, Figs. 2O and 21, against which a brake-block 44 is pressed by a spring in order to hold the segment in any position that it occupies for the timevbeing at any moment. Each of the lifters is embraced and held by a bell-crank lever 45, and each of the levers 45 possesses at its under side a pin 46. Underneath the levers 45 there is arranged the cylinder 47, which is moved up and down and over which the card-chain 43 is passed. In each card there are provided as many holes as there are bent levers 45 orlifters. XV hen the cylinder 47 strikes, those bent levers 45 whose pins 46 can enter a free hole of the card are left unaffected, and the corresponding` lifters remain in the inoperative position out of reach of the blades. When, however, a hole in the card is stopped or filled up, then when the cylinder strikes the pin 46 is pressed upward and the corresponding bent lever is moved in such a manner that it turns the corresponding liftertoward the blades, so that the projection 35 comes within range of the blades and is raised or lowered by one of them until, as shown in Fig. 14, itis held fast by the blades when they reach their inner eXtreme position, when the segment 25 is so placed that the thread-guide 27 corresponding to the said lifter is placed opposite to the slot 31.

The raising and lowering of the cylinder 47 is effected by the cam 49, Fig. 1, which is keyed on the main shaft 12 and which acts on one arm of a two-armed lever 5G, Figs. 1 and 3, whose other arm carries the cylinder 47. The turning backward ,is effected by successive starts in a known manner by means of a turning-pawl during the downward movement of the cylinder.

The stopping or filling up of the holes in the cards is effected by means of balls, Figs. 15 and 16, which the weaver can by means of a key device allow to fall into the holes of the cards in accordance with the design before him. For each of the lifters 34 vthere is provided a key 51, and each card has as many holes as there are keys or lifters. In the present case there are consequently fifteen keys and fifteen holes in each card. The keys 51 form bent levers, Figs. 15 and 16, whose downwardly-extending arms are jointed to slides 52, that are under spring-pressure. Each of these slides has a perforation which when Vthe key is in its position of rest is located under the bottom opening of the corresponding ball-holder 53, and is therefore always filled with a ball. Under the slides and somewhat to the rear of the ball-holder there is arranged a cylinder 54, over which the card-chain 43 runs. By pressing down a key, Fig. 16, the slide 52, connected with it, is moved toward the cards in such a manner that its perforation and the ball contained therein are brought over the corresponding hole,into which,there fore, the ball falls. The holes in the cards are each formed by a suffi ciently wide cavity, which narrows toward the falling-in opening, so that the balls can fall out of the cards only when the falling-in openings are directed downward. Since the operation of a deiinite lifter corresponds also to a definite position of segment, there should always be only one lifter in each case brought within the range of the blades 36 and 37, and therefore in each card only one hole should be iilled up by a ball. rlhe cylinder 54 must therefore when the key is liberated immediately receive a further one-sixth of a revolution in the same direction as before, so that it may be impossible for a second ball to pass through oversight into the same card. Moreover, another empty card must be immediately ready for the succeeding depression of a key in order that the keys may be worked quickly. The immediate further rotation of the cylinder 51 when the depressed key is liberated is effected by means of the following arrangement: One end wall of the cylinder is formed by a toothed wheel 55, Figs. 17, 13, and 19, which engages in a smaller toothed wheel 56, whose diameter is related to that of the wheel 55 as one to six. The toothed wheel 56 is located on a common shaft with a friction-disk 57 and both are driven in the direction indicated by the arrows in Figs. 13 and 19 by the quicklyrotating second friction disk 53, which is loosely located on the same shaft.

The friction-'disk 53 is, as shown in Fig. 1, rotated by means of a belt from the loose pulley of the loom, and consequently while the loom is at rest. The friction-disk 57 carries on its inner plane surface a pin 59, which when the keys 51 are at rest bears upon a nose 60 of the lever 61, in consequence of which the disk 57 cannot be carried along. Vhen, however, one of the keys is depressed, then the oscillator 62 and the lever 61, located with it on the same shaft 63, are thereby swung toward the right hand. The pin 59 therefore becomes free, and the disk 57, carrying it, is taken along by the friction-disk 53 until the pin 59 strikes the step 64 of the lever 61, which is inclined downward on the top, Fig. 13, and is thereby held fast. Vhen the key is subsequently liberated, the oscillator 62 can swing toward the left hand, under the action of a spring. By this means the lever 61 is swung toward the left hand, and the pin 50, which slides downward along the inclined step 64, again becomes free. The disk 57 is now taken along by the friction-disk 53 until the former after being rotated again is again stopped by the striking of the pin 59 against the nose 60. By the revolution of the disk 67 the cylinder 54 is in consequence of the IOC IIO

wheel-transmission ratio chosen (l: 6) moved through one-sixth of a revolution, and a new empty card is brought under the slide 52. Then the cards have moved the lifters, they pass gradually downward and into such a position that the balls are emptied into a collecting-box 65, Fig. 3, from which they can be removed and again employed for filling the balI-holder53. After the segment 25 has been adjusted and the batten has reached its rearward end position, Fig. 3, the shuttle (5U is provided on the side that is turned toward the reed -67 with a groove 67', which passes through lengthwise and which can be entered by the thread-guide 27, that projects into the batten-way 32. In the middle of the groove there is arranged a pair of tongs 68, which consists of a double spring, which is opened by the wedge-shaped thread-guide 27, passing between the springs,when the shuttle is picked and closes again as soon as the thread-guide 27 has passed through, whereupon it grasps the end of the thread projecting out of the thread-guide, Fig. 5, and takes the thread with it through the open shed. On the lefthand side of the batteri 30, near to the edge of the fabric, there is the pair of receivingtongs G9, which consists of two pivoted strips that are held closed by springs 70. The double spring (58 slides through between the pivoted strips, and thereby opens them and is then itself opened by means of a pin 71, located in the batten-way, Fig. 6, in consequence of which the double spring GS liberates the thread, which is now lightly held by the pair of receiving-tongs 69. 'The shuttle 6G then proceeds empty into the left-hand-side shuttlc-box 7 This shuttle-box is provided with a feeling-lever 74, Figs. 1, 25, and 2G, which is pressed outward, Fig. 26, on the entry of the shuttle into the shuttle-box. This motion is transferred by means of the levers and 76 and of the shaft 77, Fig. 1, to the righthand side of the loom, in consequence of which the pair of shears serving for cutting off the weft-thread that has been inserted is operated. This pair of shears consists of an upper shear part 7 S, which is provided with a pressing-spring 7 9, that precedes the shearcutter and is connected by means of the link SO with the arm 81, keyed on the shaft 77.

The second and lower shear part 82, Figs. S

has been inserted and which has been cut off to the breadth of the pattern fabric to be pro'- duced is nowlightly held on the one hand by the receiving-tongs (32 and on the other hand by the pressing-spring 79,' and it remains in this position until it is struck by the batten 30` up to the Vfinished pattern fabric, whereupon \Vhen the shuttle GG enters the,

S3, Figs. 1 to 3 and 22 to 2G, which is located under the batten-way proper, 32, and through which the shuttle is shot back empty from the left toward the right under the warp when the shuttle-boxes are in their lower position. lVhen the batten 30 moves backward again, (toward the segment 25,) the shuttle 6G,which in the meantime has arrived on the right hand, rises in consequence of the raising of the shuttlc-boxes to the level of the upper batten-way 32 and now stands ready for the next pick. The raising and lowering of the shuttle-boxes is effected by means of guides 84,Figs. 1 to 3,011 which rests by means of sliding rollers 8G the supporting-rods 85, which hold the shuttleboXes and which are inserted so as to be movable in eyes S7, fastened to the batten 30.

The weft-detector is provided on the rear side of the batten 30. This weft-detector comprises, as shown in Figs. 2, 22, 23, and 24, the feeling-lever S8, which is connected with the catch by means of a rod S9. Then the batten has been put back, Figs 2 and 22, the arm 91, which is rigidly connected with the catch 90, strikes against the fixed pin or stop 92, in consequence of which the feeling-lever S8 and the catch 90 are raised, Fig. 22. Vhen the batten has been turned forward slightly, Fig. 23,the lever SS and the catch 90 fall again, butare prevented by the weft-thread that has been inserted from falling down completely, so that the catch 90 can during the further movement of the batten move freely over the nose 93 of the stopping-rod 94 without taking the latter with it. lVhen, however, there is no weft in the hatten-way or the weft-thread is broken, the lever 8S falls through a notchV in the batten-way 32 until it is underthe same, and the catch 90 comes within range of the nose 93 of the disengaging-rod 94, Fig. 24, takes this with it during the further movement (striking up) of the batten, and stops the loom in a known manner.

The loom is also providedon each side with a shuttle-detector. The left-hand shuttle-detector is formed simply by the feeling-lever 74, that effects the cutting off of the weftvthread 28. For this purpose there is keyed on the said shaft 77 an arm 11G, which is connected by means of a cord with a catch 11S, mounted on the arm 117. lVheu the shuttle is in the lef t-hand shuttle-box 7 3, the arm 116 is turned |into a position such that the catch 118 is lowered, so that it is carried along by the` step of the bent piece 119, and the picking is by this means effected. XVhen, on the contrary, there ICO IXO

is no shuttle in the boX, the catch is raised' and the segment cannot therefore move it. There is the same arrangement on the righthand side of the loom, with this difference, however, that the arm 116 is located on a special short shaft 77 as shown in Fig. l.

The finished'pattern fabric coming from the breast-beam 107 is before it is wound up on the fabric-beam 95 cut up into bands, which are similar to one another and each of which has two twisted warp-threads (at a distance apart of about one and one-half centimeters with differently-colored pattern-threads, which are held between the warp-threads and which are at a distance apart of about one centimeter. The shears 96, the number of which is equal to that of the bands to be produced less one, receive their motion from the 1 and 28, is effected by means of a cam-disk 99,

which is located on the shaft of the belt-pulley and which 'operates the roller-lever 100, which by means of the link 101 is connected with the movable shear part and effects the closure, while the opening of the shears is caused by the spring 102.

The motion of the batten and the picking of the shuttle are effected in a known manner, the former from the driving-shaft 12 by means of cranks 103 and levers 104, Fig. 3, and the latter by means of the striking of the two tappets 105, located on the main shaft 12,as shown in Fig. 1. The warp-beam 106, Fig. 2, is provided with a steel band-brake of a known kind and the breast-beam 107 with a positive regulator 108, pressed by a spring 106b and pivoted at 108 to one arm of the rod 109, that is pivoted at 109 to the bracket 109b on the machine-frame. Said lever 109 is moved by the batten by means of the slotted rod 109 and the connecting-rod 110, while the fabric-beam 95 is provided with a negativey regulator 111, whose ratchet-lever 112 is loaded with a weight and bears upon a cross-pin 113 of the batten.

The procedure on working the looin is as follows: The doubly-twisted warpthreads, which have three twists to the centimeter, run from the warp-beam 106 over a tensionroller 114, thence separately through the holes of the twisting-wheels 2 through the heddleshafts 15 and lf3-and the reed 67 and are, together with the differently-colored weftthreads, taken up as finished goods by the goodsbeam 95, Fig. 2. The colored weftthreads that are employed run from their bobbins 29 through the perforated axle 24 of the segment 25 and pass thence'separately into the cylinders 26 and the thread-guides 27, of which only the one that corresponds to the card in position passes forward into the hatten-way 32. In order to produce the pattern fabric on the loom described, the known and already-described preliminary operation is effected; rlhe diagram Fig. 30 is in fact divided in the direction of the warp-threads into strips I Il III, each of which is composed of rows I Il' Ill', arranged in the direction of the weft, and of (for example) eight knotpoints each. The working on the loom is then begun, the several rows of knot-points I Il III, corresponding to the picks, being read off in reference to the color order and in the described way alternately from left to right and from right to left. At the beginning of the work the batten 30 is in its rearward position, Figs. 2 and 3, the twistingwheels 2 have, in the time shortly before and after the striking up of the previous pick to the finished goods, received three revolutions in the direction opposite to that of the twistingof the warp, in consequence of which the warp-threads are untwisted in the direction of the warp-beam, but receive additional twist in the direction of the goods. The heddleshaft 15 is in the raised position and the heddle-shaft 16 in the lowered position. Both shafts, however, receive previously, as hereinbefore mentioned, a lateral movement, which has the following result: Since the twistingwheels must cause a twisting of the pairs of warp-threads, they cannot be passed through mails or eyes, but must during this twisting be quite independent of the heddle-shafts. Instead of mails the shafts are provided with lateral engaging pins 115, Fig. 2, which are so short that before the lateral movement of the shafts they stand outside the small shed IOO formed by the twisting-wheels, and therefore do not affect the corresponding warp-threads. When, however, the shafts are moved laterally, these pins project or engage in this small shed, in consequence of which the warpthreads are carried along during the raising and lowering of the shafts and a sufficiently large shed -is formed for the passage of the shuttle 66. The thread-guide 27 determined by Jthe cards, projects with the projecting end of the thread into the hatten-way The shuttle 66 is now shot out of the righthand shuttle-box 32. The thread-guide 27 passes between the double spring 68 of the shuttle 66 and opens the spring, which thereupon, on the further forward movement of the shuttle, immediately closes behind the thread-guide, engages the projecting end of the weft-thread, Figs. 4 and 5, and draws the weft through the open shed until the double spring of the shuttle passes through the receiving-tongs 69 on the other side of the fabric, in consequence of which the end of the weft-thread is given up to the said receivingtongs and lightly held thereby, Figs. 6 and 7. The shuttle now passes into the left-hand shuttle-box 73, Fig. 1, presses the feelinglever 74 outward during this, and thereby IIO varese causes the weft-thread to be lightly held by the pressing-spring 79 and to be cut off by 'the shears 7 8 S2 on the right-hand side of the loom, Figs. S and 9. The weft-thread lightly held by the pair ot' receiving-tongs (i9 andthe spring 79 is during the forward movement of the batten 30 pressed against the finished goods and in consequence of the simultaneously-effected partial twisting of the warp held fast by this. During the forward movement of the batten the two shuttle-boxes 72 and 7 3 descend and shortly before the weft is struck up to the finished goods come within range of the lower batten-way 83, whereupon the shuttle C6 is shot from left to right. During the backward movement of the batten the two shuttle-boxes are again raised and when they have reached the plane of the upper batten-way 32 they again stand ready for the shooting of the shuttle for the next pick.

The changing of the colors is effected by the shifting of the segment 25 by means of the action of the pattern-cards on the lifters 34, and it takes piace in the time between the forward movement and the backward movement of the batten, but in such a manner that when the batten has reached its rearward position it iinds the thread-guide 27 already in place.

The operation of the positive breast-beam regulator 108 is effected during the forward movement ofthe batten. The iinished goods are then drawn forward one centimeter and are taken up in the form of bands by the fabric-beam 95, which is provided witha negative regulator lli. The shears 96 for cutting off the finished goods are arranged between the breast-beam and the goods-beam and are operated at intervals of time, in consequence of which the goods that have been finished are always immediately eut up into bands. 1

Vhen a bobbin 29 is empty or when any weft-thread can be drawn through the corresponding thread-guide only with difficulty or (in consequence of a knot) not at all, then the weft-detector comes into operation. In this case the feelinglever 8S descends until it is under the batten-way 32, and thereby stops the loom in the manner previously described.

In order to render discernable each row I II III', duc., in the pattern fabric or in the bands, and thereby to render it possible to see whether or not there is the correct number of small pieces of thread in each row, a double interval is left between each two rows-a1 e., between the last pick of one row and the iirst pick of the succeeding row. In order to effect this, the loom must make an idle revolution-that is to say, the twisting-wheels 2 and the regulator must work1 but no pick must be inserted. This is brought about by giving the segment such a position that none of the thread-guides passes into the range of the batten-way, in consequence of which, notwithstanding the picking of the shuttle, no warp-thread is inserted. For this purpose there is provided a sixteenth key and also a sixteenth lifter, (the outer lifter on the right hand in Fig. 13,) whose projection 35 is so arranged that the segment is given an intermediate position, such that when the segment is located therein no thread-cuide passes into the batten-way, and therefore no warp-thread can be inserted.

Vife claiml. In a loom for making pattern fabrics, means for shedding the warp-threads, and heddles organized to en gagethe warp-threads to increase the shed already formed, substantially as set forth.

2. In a leoni for making pattern fabrics, means for twisting the warlii-threads and simultaneously forming a shed, heddles organized to engage the warp-threads to increase the shed and disengage the same during twisting, substantially as described.

In a loom for making pattern fabrics, the combination with means for shedding the warp, of a batten provided with an opening in its end, card-controlled means for inserting through said opening the end of a weftthread into the batten way, and a shuttle adapted to seize the end of the presented thread to draw it through the shed, substantially as described.

4. In a loom for making pattern fabrics, means for twisting together pairs of warpthreads and simultaneously forming a shed, and heddles having a longitudinal and a vertical movement to engage the warp-threads to increase the shed and disengage them during twisting, substantially as described.

5. In a loom for making pattern fabrics, means to twist together pairs of warp-threads in one direction and to form a partial shed, heddles having lateral and vertical movements in opposite directions to engage the warp-threads after twisting and increase the shed, means to move the heddles, and means for picking in a weft-thread whereupon the heddles are moved to release the warp., substantially as described.

6. In a loom for making pattern fabrics, means for shedding` the warp, a batten, means to position relatively to the batten, weftthreadsin an y desired order, a shuttle, springiingers therein to seize the ends of presented weft-threads, means to open said fingers at the end of a pick and means to hold the end of weft-thread when released from the shuttle, substantially as described.

7. In a loom, means for twisting pairs of warp-threads togetherV and shed-forming mechanism, in combination with a single shuttle arranged to seize weft-threads presented thereto and carry them through the shed and then release them, and means for severing the weft-threads after each pick, substantially as described.

S. In a loom, means for twisting warpthreads together in pairs and shed-forming mechanism, in combination with a shuttleboX, a shuttle organized to seize the ends of IIC weft-threads, and means for presenting the ends of weft-threads to the shuttle in any desircd order before passing through the shed, substantially as described.

9. In a loom for making pattern fabrics, means for shedding the warp, a batten, means to position 'relatively to the batten, weftthreads in any desired order, a shuttlc,spring fingers cooperating with the weft-thread presenting means to seize thc presented weftthread, means to sever the weft-thread after each pick, means to open the spring-lingers at the end of the pick and means to hold the end of the releasing weft-thread during its severance at the opposite end, substantially7 as described.

l0. In a loom for making pattern fabrics, means for shedding the Warp, a batten provided with an opening Itherethrough at one end, means to present through the opening 4weft-threads in, any desired order, a shuttle,

spring fingers cooperating With the weftthread presenting means to seize the presented weft-thread, a pin on the opposite end of the batten to open said fingers, means to sever thev weft-thread after each pick, and means to hold the end of the weft-thread after being released from the fingers during its severance, substantially as described.

ll. In a loom, means forshedding the Warp, in combination with a batten provided With an opening therethough, a shuttle-box carried thereby, a shuttle organized to seize the ends of weft-threads presented thereto, vertically-movable means to present the proper weft-thread through the opening in the batten to the shuttle at the beginning of each pick and when desired to cause said shuttle to run idle, substantially as described.

l2. Ina loom, means for shedding the Warp, a suitable batten provided with an opening and a shuttle-box carried thereby; of means movable about a center controlled to properly present the ends of proper weft threads through the opening in the batten, and a shuttle having a longitudinal recess and means therein to seize the ends of the weft-threads at each pick and devices operated by the shut- `tle to cut off the weft, substantially as de` scribed.

13. In a loom, means for shedding the Warp, a suitable batten, and shuttle-boxes at each end of the batten and carried thereby; of a shuttle having a longitudinal slot, means therein to seize the end of a weft-thread presented thereto before passing through the shed, and means at the opposite side of the Warp to receive and hold the end of the weftv"thread brought through the shed bysaid shuttle and means actuated by the shuttle to sever the weft, substantially as described.

1 14. In a loom, means for shedding the' warp, a suitable batten provided With "two shuttle- Ways, a shuttle-box at each side, means for' moving the sh little-boxes from one Way to the other in combination with a shuttle organized to seize the ends of weft-threads, means movable about a center to present the ends of weft-threads to said shuttle, means for holding the end of the weft-thread carried through the shed, a cutter operated by the shuttle to sever each weft and a weft-detector mounted on the batten to automatically stop the loom when a Weft-thrcad is broken, substantially as described.

l5. In a loom, means forshedding the Warp, a suitable batten provided with two shuttle- Ways, a shuttle-box at each side and carried by the batten, means for moving the shuttleboXes from one Way to the other 5 in combination With a shuttle having a longitudinal lateral slot, spring-fingers therein, means for presenting the ends of weft-threads to the fingers, spring-:lingers for seizing and holding the ends of each weft-thread after passing through the shed, a stationary cutter on the batten near the point Where the weft is presented to the shuttle and a movable cutter coperatin g With the first-mentioned one and actuated by the shuttle after passing through the shed.

1G. In aloom for making pattern fabrics, a device for feeding colored weft-threads separately to the shuttle, levers controlling the Weftthreadfeed device, a perforated cardchain, key-operated means for controlling devices for filling the perforations in the cards, and means for moving' the cards against the levers controlling the weft-thread feed, substantially as described.

17. In a loom, a weft-thread changer, comprising a rotatable arm, a segment on the end thereof, yieldingly-held thread-guides in said segment, and card-controlled means for positioning the segment, substantially as described.

18. In a loom,vthe combination With the batten provided with an opening therethrough, of a shaft having a perforation therethrough for the passage of weft-threads from suitable bobbins to the thread-guides, a weft-thread changer fixed on said shaft and comprising an arm, a segment carried at one end thereof, spring-held Weftthread guides radially mounted in said segment and means for selecting and positioning the guides to enter the opening in the batten, substantially as described.

19. In a loom, the combination with the batten provided with an opening therethrough, of a shaft having a perforation through which weft-threads are guided from bobbins to the thread guides, a weft-thread changer comprising an arm fixed at one end on said shaft, a segment carried on the other end of said arm, spring-held weft-thread guides radially mounted in said segment and card-controlled means for positioning said segment to register the selected threadguide with the opening in the batten, the remaining thread-guides being forced by the batten radially inward against the stress of their springs, substantially as described.

20. In a loom, the combination With the bat- ICO IIO

ten provided with an opening therethrough, of a shaft, a weft-thread changer comprising an arm iixed at one end on said shaft, a segment carried at the other end of said arm, thread-guides having wedge-shaped ends and lateral openings therein to feed out the weftthreads laterally, said guides spring-held projected beyond the segment, card-selected, griff-operatedlifters arranged to position the segment to allow the selected thread-guide to pass through the opening in the batten and the remaining threadguides in the path of j the batten forced radially inward against the stress of their springs, substantially as described. p

2l. In aloom, the combination with the batten provided with an opening-therethrough, oi' a shaft, a weft-thread changer comprising an arm secured at one end to the shaft, a segment comprising two parallel ribs on the other end of said arm and a requisite number of thread-guides having bearing in the segment and each comprising a cylinder having radial motion in the outer rib, a reduced body portion passing through the inner rib and provided with a head, a coil-spring on the reduced body portion between the cylinder and inner rib, and a wedge -shaped forward end projecting from the cylinder having a lateral opening to deliver the weft-thread laterally, and means for selectively positioning the thread-guides to enter the opening in the batten.

22. In a loom, the combination with a batten provided with an opening therethrough, of a shaft, a weft-thread changer comprising an arm secured at one end to the shaft, and a sector secured to the other end of said arm, and thread-guides in the sector and a second arm secured to the shaft, depending lifterbars secured to the said second arm, projections on said bars, griffs, means for moving the bars to place their projections in the path oit' the grifts, thereby selectively positioning the weft-thread changer to permit the proper thread-guide to pass through the opening in the batten, substantially as described.

23. In a loom, the combination with a batten provided with an opening, of a shaft and a weft-thread changer comprising an arm secured at one end thereto, a sector secured in the other end of said arm, and weft-thread guides mounted inthe sector, and a second arm secured at one end to the shaft, lifterbars depending from the other end of said second arm and having projections thereon, two griffs moved in opposite directions, cardoperated means to move the selected bar so that its projection will be in the path of and between the two gril-fs to be positively moved, thereby positioning the weft-thread changer to permit the selected thread-guide to pass through the batten,substantially as described.

24. -In a loom, the combination with a batten having an opening therethrough, a shuttlc-way on the batten and a suitable shuttle; of a shaft having a perforation therein to guide weft-threads from bobbins to the threadguides, a weft-thread changer comprising an arm secured at one end to the shaft a seg- Vment on the other end of said arm and weftthread guides in the segment, and lifter-bars each having a projection and operatively connected to position said segment, griffs, cardcontrolled means to swing the lifter-bars to move the projections in the path of the grifts to position the segment, to enable the proper thread-guide to pass through the opening' in the batten to enable the shuttle to seize the thread, and a friction-brake to positively hold the segment in its proper relative position, substantially as described.

25. In a loom, the combination with a batten having an opening therethrough, a shuttlc-way on the batten, a suitable shuttle and a weft-thread changer; of litters operatively connected to position said changer, cards controlling the movement of the lifters and therebythe changer and hand-operated means for controlling the design indicated by the cards to properly position the weft-thread changer relatively to the opening in the batten, substantially as described.

26. In a loom, the combination with a batten, a weft-thread changer and litters operatively connected to position said changer; of a normally inoperative card and hand-operated means to produce the design in the cards during their travel to move the litters and thereby position the weft-thread changer relatively to the batten, substantially as described.

27. In a loom, the combination with a batten, a weft-thread changer and lifters operatively connected to position the changer relative to the batten.; of a chain of box-cards to relatively control the lifters and normally inoperative, and key-operated means to deposit a hole-filling device in each card during the travel of the chain, substantially as described.

2S. In a loom, the combination with a batten, a weit-thread changer and lifters operatively connected to position the changer relatively to the batten; of a chain of normally inoperative cards, each card comprising aseries of boxes with a hole in each box, balls and key-operated means to relatively deposit a ball in a card, thereby iilling the required hole in the card to move a liftorto position the weft-thread changer relatively to the batten.

29. In a loom, the combination with a batten provided with an opening therethrough, a weft-thread changer, a number of weftthread guides in said changer, and a number of lifters greater by one than the number of thread-guides operatively connected to the changer; of a chain of cards normally inoperative, each card comprising as many openended boxes narrower at the top than at the bottom as there are lifters and each containing a hole, balls, ball-receivers and key-operated means to deposit a ball in a card to ll a hole to operate said litters and operatively position the changer relatively to the hatten,

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and one of said lifters arranged to inoperatively position the weft-thread changer relatively to the batten, substantially as described.

30. In a loom, the combination with the batten lprovided with an opening therethrough, a weft-thread changer, a number of weftthread guides in the changer, and a number of lifters operatively connected to move the weft-thread changer; of a chain of box-cards, hoppers, balls therein, a slide under each hopper having a hole therein for the reception of each lift, a card-cylinder under the needle-levers, a second card-cylinder, a chain of boxcards passing' over the two cylinders, hoppers positioned above the second cylinder, balls in said hoppers, a slide under each hopper arranged to take a ball therefrom and deposit it in a card, means for frictionally driving the second card-cylindercontrolled relatively to the operation of the slides and receptacles to collect the balls from the chain after the cards have acted on theneedle-levers, substantially as described.

32. In a loom, the combination with the batten provided with an opening therethrough, a weft-thread changer, a number of weftthread guides in the changer, and a number of lifters operatively connected to move the changer; of a needle-lever to move each lifter, a card-cylinder under the needle-levers, a second card-cylinder, balls, key-operated devices located above the second card-cylinder to deposit balls in the cards, mechanism for frictionally driving the second cylinder and means operated by the key-operated devices to control the friction driving of said second cylinder, substantially as described.

33. In a loom, the combination with a batten, a weft-thread changer, a number of weftthread guides in the changer and a number of lifters operatively connected to move the changer; of a needle-lever to move each lifter, a card-cylinder under the needle-levers, a second card-cylinder, a gear thereon, balls, key-operated devices to deposit a ball in a card on the second cylinder, an oscillator moved by all of the key-operated devices, a lever moved by the oscillator, nose and a step on the lever, a disk, a pin thereon, a pinion driven by the disk and proportionally driving the gear, a second driven frictiondisk coperating with the-first one, whereby the pin will engage the nose to prevent the driving ofthe cylinder and the nose be moved out of its path by the'operation of a key-operated device, substantially as described.

34. In a 1o0m,a weft-thread changer,a cardchain normally inoperative,card-controlled means for positioning the weft thread changer, and means independent of the operation of the loom, whereby said cards are rendered operative, substantially as described.

35. In a loom,a weft-thread changer,a cardchain normally inoperative, card-controlled means for positioning the weft thread changer, key-operated means over a portion of the card-chain for rendering the cards operative and means for driving that portion of the card-chain under the keyoperated means independently of the operation of the loom. 36. In a loom for making pattern fabrics, a weft-thread changer, a chain of box-cards normally inoperative, card-controlled means to position the vweft -thread changer and means to temporarily render the cards operative, substantially as described. Y

37 In a loom, the combination with abatten, a shuttle-way thereon, a pair of springheld receiving-tongues at one end of the shuttlc-way and a pin beyond these tongues; of a shuttle having a longitudinal lateral slot therein, a pair of seizing-tongues in the slot, said seizing-tongues adapted to seize the end of a properly-presented weft-thread, pass between and open the receiving-tongues, the latter grasping the end of the thread brought through the warp by the shuttle and said seizingtongues simultaneously opened by said pin to release the warp-thread, substantially as described. y

38. vIn a loom for making pattern fabrics, the combination with the shedding and picking mechanism, of cutting devices operated from a moving part and organized to cut the finished fabric into strips in the direction of the warp after a predetermined number of picks, substantially as described.

39. In a loom, warp-twisting devices, shedding mechanism to engage and disengage the warp after the twisting, a batten, a shuttle, cardcontrolled mechanism to present the weft to the shuttle and mechanism to cut the fabric into strips after a predetermined number of picks, substantially as described.

40. In a loom,warptwisting devices, heddles having lateral and vertical motion to engage and disengage the warp after twisting, a batten having an opening therein, a card-controlled weft-thread changer, thread-guides in the changer capable of passing Athrough the opening in the batten when the shed is formed, a shuttle capable of seizing the end of that thread-guide which isl passed through the opening in the batten, and draw it through the shed, mechanism operated by the shuttle to sever each weft-thread after being drawn through, substantially as described.

4l. In aloom, a number of twisting-wheels, each having gear-teeth and two eyes,a toothed drum engaging all the twisting-wheels and a cam -operated toothed segment arranged to periodically drive said drum in one direction only, substantially as described.

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42. In a loom, a number of twisting-Wheels, each having gear-teeth and two eyes, a toothed drum engaging all the twisting-Wheels, a gear- Wheel loose upon its shaft and meshing With said drum, a spring-held pawl on the gearwheel, a pinion, a stop driven by the pinion to engage the pawl and a ca1n-driven sector to rotate the pinion, whereby two Warpthreads passing through the eyes are twisted together.

43. In aloom, a main driving-shaft, cranks thereon, mechanism for twisting pairs of Warp-threads together, a segment driving said mechanism cam-operated from said shaft, a batten reeiprocated from said cranks, shuttleboXes movable with respect to the batten, gri-its driven by the main shaft, a weft-thread changer positioned relatively to the batten by said griffs and card-controlled mechanism driven from said shaft to cause the positioning of the weft-thread changer, substantially as described.

44. In aloom, a main driving-shaft, cranks thereon, mechanism for twisting pairs of Warp-thread s together, a segment drivin g said mechanism cam-operated from said shaft, a batten reciprocated from said cranks, heddles cam-operated from said shaft to engage and disengage the Warpthreads, a weftthread changer, griffs driven by the main shaft to position the weft-thread changer relatively to the latter, a card-chain normally inoperative, balls and keyoperated devices to cause said balls to cooperate With the cards to cause the positioning of the thread-changer, substantially as described.

In testimony that We claim the foregoing as our invention We have signed our naines in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

HEINRICH PANITSCHEK. JOHANN AHORN.

Vitnesses CARL Mnnonr, W. DRAHoKoUrIK. 

